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European Club Fixtures

Amsterdamsche Football Club Ajax (Euronext: AJAX) also referred to as Ajax Amsterdam, AFC Ajax, or simply Ajax (pronounced Ah-yahx), is a football club from Amsterdam, Netherlands. more...

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The club is historically one of the three clubs that dominate Eredivisie football, the other two being Feyenoord Rotterdam and PSV Eindhoven.

Ajax is one of the five teams which has earned the right to keep the European Cup; they won consecutively in 1971-1973. In 1972, they completed The Treble by winning the Dutch Eredivisie, KNVB Cup, and the European Cup; to date they are the only team to keep the European Cup and accomplish the European Treble. They are also one of only three clubs (with Juventus FC and FC Bayern Munich) to have won all three major European trophies at least once (the European Cup, the European Cup Winners Cup and the UEFA Cup). They were the first team to win what has become the UEFA Intertoto Cup.

History

The club was founded in Amsterdam on March 18, 1900 by Floris Stempel, Carel Reeser and the brothers Han and Johan Dade. Ajax originally played in an all black uniform with a red sash tied around the players' waists, but that uniform was soon replaced by a red/white striped shirt and black shorts. Red, black and white are the three colors of the flag of Amsterdam. However, when, under manager John Kirwan, the club got promoted to the top flight of Dutch football for the first time in 1911 (then the Eerste Klasse or 'First Class', later named the Eredivisie), Ajax were forced to change their colors because Sparta Rotterdam already had the exact same outfit. Special kits for away fixtures did not exist at the time and according to football association regulations the newcomers had to change their colors if two teams in the same league had identical uniforms. Loosely inspired by the kit of Arsenal, Ajax opted for white shorts and white shirt with a broad, vertical red stripe over chest and back, which still is Ajax' outfit.

Ajax dominated European club football during the early 1970's by winning the European Cup in 1971 with coach Rinus Michels, in 1972 and 1973 with coach Stefan Kovacs. Their most famous players where then Johan Cruijff, Piet Keizer, Sjaak Swart and Johan Neeskens. From the 1960's onwards Ajax had developed the concept of total football, ending the traditional division of labour between defenders, midfielders and attackers. All players were to participate in all aspects of the game, in an organization that would fill gaps when a player moved to a different position. There is some debate amongst footballing cognoscenti as to whether or not the system was developed organically through the talent of the players, or whether it was part of an over-arching tactical scheme from manager Rinus Michels.

The club is also famous for its youth program that has introduced many great footballers - Cruijff being the best example. Ajax has also expanded its talent searching program to South Africa and the United States with Ajax Cape Town and Ajax Orlando respectively. Its satellite club is Ajax Cape Town of South Africa from where youth players have been drafted into the Eredivisie squad, such as Steven Pienaar and Aaron Mokoena. In 1995, the year that they won the UEFA Champions League, the Dutch national team was almost entirely composed of Ajax players, with goalkeeper Edwin van der Sar, players such as Michael Reiziger, Frank de Boer and Danny Blind in defense, Ronald de Boer, Edgar Davids and Clarence Seedorf in midfield, and Patrick Kluivert and Marc Overmars in attack. The team was coached by Louis van Gaal, and also featured foreign stars such as Jari Litmanen, Nwankwo Kanu and Finidi George. Its current successes are mostly domestic, notwithstanding some minor successes in the 2002-03 Champions League. Its youth team continues to develop talented individuals like Wesley Sneijder, John Heitinga, Hedwiges Maduro, Urby Emanuelson, Maarten Stekelenburg and Ryan Babel. At the 2006 World Cup, Sneijder, Heitinga, Babel, Maduro and Stekelenburg were included in the national squad.